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Photograph by Linnaeus Tripe, from a portfolio of 120 prints, with a view looking towards the steps and southern gateway of the Shwe Dagon Pagoda at Rangoon (Yangon) in Burma (Myanmar). Tripe wrote, 'The road which leads to this, is, on festival days, crowded with Burmese, men, women, and children, in gay silks and muslins carrying offerings to the Pagoda'. According to legend, the Shwe Dagon Pagoda, most revered of all the Buddhist monuments of Burma, was founded in the lifetime of the Buddha as a reliquary to enshrine eight hairs from his head brought back from India by two merchant brothers, Tapissa and Balika. While the core of the stupa may be very ancient, the whole is relatively more recent. It has been rebuilt several times from the 14th century onwards and the structure as seen by Tripe's mission dates from the 1770s when King Hsinbushin of the Konbaung dynasty made many improvements to it. The ascent to the stupa on its platform is by four stairways from the four cardinal points. The southern stairway is the traditional entrance to the Shwe Dagon although today people also use the eastern stairway. In 1855 a British mission was sent to King Mindon Min of Burma to negotiate a settlement regarding Pegu, annexed by the British after the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852. Linnaeus Tripe was the official photographer on this mission and his architectural and topographical views of the country form an important record.
Photograph of the south entrance to the Shwe Dagon Pagoda at Rangoon (Yangon), in Burma (Myanmar), taken by Philip Adolphe Klier in the 1890s. The south entrance is the main entrance to the Shwe Dagon, Burma’s most revered Buddhist shrine. The pagoda is believed to have ancient origins, legend states that it was founded to enshrine eight hairs from the Buddha's head which he presented to two wandering Burmese merchant brothers who encountered him. Since the 14th century its recorded history reveals that rulers through the centuries have added to its height and gilded it, until today its glittering spire dominates the skyline of Rangoon. This view looking towards the entrance gateway shows a flight of steps flanked by two giant chinthes or mythical lions, the guardian figures of Burmese temples. At the top of the steps a wide masonry archway is crowned by three spires or pyat-thats, architectural elements which demarcate sacred space. The arch is decorated with lions and foliate carving and surrounded by a carved heavenly landscape populated by figures from the Burmese pantheon of territorial spirits known as nats. Beyond the archway a covered staircase leads up to the pagoda platform on Singuttara Hill. The photograph is from an album devoted almost entirely to Lord Elgin's Burma tour of November to December 1898. Victor Alexander Bruce (1849-1917), ninth Earl of Elgin and 13th Earl of Kincardine, served as Viceroy of India between 1894 and 1899.
Photograph of the Shwe Dagon Pagoda in Rangoon (Yangon), taken by J. Jackson in c.1868, part of an album of 43 views of Burma (Myanmar) from the Sladen Collection. The Shwe Dagon is Burma's most revered Buddhist shrine. A gilded bell-shaped stupa, it can be glimpsed from all over Rangoon due to its elevated postion on Singuttara Hill. Here it is seen from the Cantonment Gardens, its spire rising above the parkland scenery and an ornamental bridge, and reflected in the still waters of the lake. The gardens were situated immediately to the south-west of the Shwe Dagon, within the British military cantonment. They were planned in 1854-56 by William Scott of the Calcutta Botanic Gardens and laid out by the city's Public Works Department.
Photograph of the southern entrance to the Shwe Dagon Paya in Rangoon (Yangon) in Burma (Myanmar), taken by Bourne and Shepherd in the 1870s and part of the Gladstone Collection. The gilded spire of the Shwe Dagon Pagoda can be seen from all over Rangoon from its position atop Singuttara Hill. According to traditional history, the Shwe Dagon, the most revered of all the Buddhist monuments of Burma, was founded in the lifetime of the Buddha as a reliquary to enshrine eight hairs from his head brought back from India by two merchant brothers, Tapissa and Balika. While the core of the stupa may be very ancient, the whole is relatively more recent. King Binnya U of Pegu (1353-85) had it rebuilt to 60 ft (18 ms) in height. During the 15th century it was rebuilt several times, eventually reaching 90 ms (it now stands at about 100 ms). During this period the tradition of gilding the stupa was begun under the aegis of Queen Shinsawbu (1453-72), who donated her own weight in gold (40 kgs). British troops occupied its precincts in 1824 and again in 1852 and it remained under military control until the 1920s. There are four covered walkways up Singuttara Hill to the platform on which the pagoda stands. The southern entrance is considered the main entrance.
Photograph of the two golden umbrellas at the Shwe Dagon Paya (Pagoda), Rangoon (Yangon), Burma (Myanmar), taken by Philip Adolphe Klier in the 1890s. The umbrella or hti is an honorific architectural element used to adorn Burmese royal and religious architecture and usually forms the pinnacle of a stupa. They are often made of gold decorated with precious stones and were traditionally donated by kings and queens. The umbrellas in this view stand on the platform of the Shwe Dagon Pagoda, Burma’s most revered Buddhist shrine. It is thought that they are of Shan manufacture or origin. The Shan States formed most of north-eastern Burma and the Shan people (who originally came here from the south-west of China) are known for their silverware.
Photograph of King Singu Min’s bell at the Shwe Dagon Paya (Pagoda), Rangoon (Yangon), in Burma (Myanmar), taken by Philip Adolphe Klier in the 1890s. The Shwe Dagon is Burma’s most revered Buddhist shrine, believed to have been founded 2500 years ago to house hair relics of the Buddha. There are two famous bells at the Shwe Dagon, the products of a long tradition of bronze casting in Burma. The bell of ‘Great Sound’, or Maha-ganda, is housed in a pavilion on the north-west of the pagoda platform. It was dedicated to the Shwe Dagon by Singu Min of the Konbaung dynasty (ruled 1776-82). This celebrated bell weighing 23 tons was removed from the shrine by the British in 1824 during the first Anglo-Burmese war when they occupied Rangoon. They intended to transport it to England as war booty. In the process of being loaded onto a ship, the bell slipped and fell into the Irrawaddy, and all efforts of the British engineers to retrieve it failed. It was then recovered and towed back to the shore by the Burmese who were allowed to restore it to the Shwe Dagon. The removal of the bell caused it to suffer some damage and as a result it is now silent, its mellow tones lost forever. In this view a Burmese man points to the inscription engraved on the bell which requests that the king might obtain Nirvana as a result of his act of merit. The inscription reads:
‘Let him not meet with that towards which he has no mental disposition and for which he has no desire. When Arimettiya, the last Buddha, shall be revealed, let him have the revelation that he may become a nat supreme of the three rational existences. Let the nats who guard the royal city, the palace, the umbrella, the nats who all around guard the empire, the provinces, the villages, the nats who guard the monuments of the Divine Hair around the hill Tambagutta, together with the nats governing the earth and space, and all rational beings throughout the universe utter praises and accept the supplications.’
Photograph of the Shwe Dagon Paya (Pagoda) at Rangoon (Yangon), in Burma (Myanmar), taken by Philip Adolphe Klier in the 1890s. The Shwe Dagon is Burma’s most revered Buddhist shrine. It is built in the characteristic Burmese form of a stupa or zedi, a gilded, bell-shaped structure with a spire enshrining sacred relics, precious stones and images of the Buddha. It is of ancient origin, and according to legend was founded in the 6th century BC to enshrine hair relics of the Buddha. The pagoda stands in the centre of a terraced platform on the summit of Singuttara Hill, surrounded by many other shrines and pavilions, and has four entrances at the cardinal points of the compass. This is a view looking along a roadway towards the main stupa, which is partially obscured by palm trees in the foreground.
Photograph by Linnaeus Tripe, from a portfolio of 120 prints, with a general view of the Shwe Dagon Pagoda (covered in scaffolding), with smaller pagodas in the foreground, at Rangoon (Yangon) in Burma (Myanmar). In 1855 a British mission was sent to King Mindon Min of Burma to negotiate a settlement regarding Pegu, annexed by the British after the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852. Linnaeus Tripe was the official photographer on this mission and his architectural and topographical views of the country form an important record. Tripe wrote of this image, 'Taken from the N.W. corner of the platform. The scaffolding of bamboo, so much like basketwork, was put up by the Burmese to enable them to regild the Pagoda; an operation which will cost them about £15,000.' According to traditional history, the Shwe Dagon Pagoda, the most revered of all the Buddhist monuments of Burma, was founded in the lifetime of the Buddha as a reliquary to enshrine eight hairs from his head brought back from India by two merchant brothers, Tapissa and Balika. While the core of the stupa may be very ancient, the whole is relatively more recent. King Binnya U of Pegu (1353-85) had it rebuilt to 60 ft (18 ms) in height. During the 15th century it was rebuilt several times, eventually reaching 90 ms (it now stands at about 100 ms). During this period the tradition of gilding the stupa was begun under the aegis of Queen Shinsawbu (1453-72), who donated her own weight in gold (40 kgs). British troops occupied its precincts in 1824 and again in 1852 and it remained under military control until the 1920s.
Photograph of the south entrance to the Shwe Dagon Pagoda, Rangoon, taken by Bourne & Shepherd in the 1870s. This is the main entrance to the Shwe Dagon, Burma's most revered Buddhist shrine, and is located on top of Singuttara Hill in north Rangoon. The earliest shrine on this spot dates to somewhere between the 6th and 10th centuries, but in this earthquake prone area, the pagoda has been rebuilt numerous times and the complex in its current form dates to 1769. Steps lead up to a wide archway crowned by three spires known as pyat-thats. The arch is decorated with foliate carving and is surrounded by a heavenly landscape populated by figures from the Burmese pantheon of territorial spirits known as nats. Two bilus or ogres guard the entrance on either side of the steps. The two outer spires have niches containing statues of the Buddha, and the central spire is decorated with peacocks, which are symbolic of the sun. Beyond the archway a covered flight of steps leads up to the pagoda platform on Singuttara Hill.
Photograph of the south entrance to the Shwe Dagon Pagoda, Rangoon, taken by Bourne & Shepherd in the 1870s. This is the main entrance to the Shwe Dagon, Burma's most revered Buddhist shrine, and is located on top of Singuttara Hill in north Rangoon. The earliest shrine on this spot dates to somewhere between the 6th and 10th centuries, but in this earthquake prone area, the pagoda has been rebuilt numerous times and the complex in its current form dates to 1769. Steps lead up to a wide archway crowned by three spires known as pyat-thats. The arch is decorated with foliate carving and is surrounded by a heavenly landscape populated by figures from the Burmese pantheon of territorial spirits known as nats. Two bilus or ogres guard the entrance on either side of the steps. The two outer spires have niches containing statues of the Buddha, and the central spire is decorated with peacocks, which are symbolic of the sun. Beyond the archway a covered flight of steps leads up to the pagoda platform on Singuttara Hill.
.. ေမာင္ ဒီမွာေရးေနာ္ ...
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